(auxiliary verb taking past participle to build various perfect tenses) to have
He trabajado muy duro durante este mes.I have worked very hard during this month.
Mi hermanito me pidió más chocolate, pero ya le había dado demasiado.My little brother asked me for more chocolate, but I had already given him too much.
to hold; to possess(Can we add an example for this sense?)
(impersonal, in third person singular only) to exist; “there is”, “there are” (hay); “there was”, “there were” (había)
2013, El sueńo de Morfeo, Será esta vez
Tan largo el silencio que hubo entre nosotros dosThe silence that was between the two of us was so long
No hay muchas personas aquí.There aren't many people here.
(dated or formal outside Spain) to have to do (+ de + infinitive)
1920, Alain René Le Sage, Historia de Gil Blas de Santillana, page 85:
Aquí, me dijo, has de trabajar.Here, he told me, you have to work.
used to denote a past obligation
Haberle llamado.You ought to have phoned her.
